Early narrative explaining results as of May 13, 2022 (presentation for OPA Research):

The slide set:

Whiteboard explainer video:

Download the Powerpoint slide set which includes the video:

The below is automated daily data cultivation with automated daily aggregate analysis in Wolfram Mathematica:

Daily Data [click to download csv file]

To download or use a copy of the code immediately above, click on the three lines in the bottom left and then choose "make your own copy" or "download". There is a free time-limited version of Mathematica that you can use with the download, or making your own copy will open up an online version of the software that you can use for free.

Finally, use the below to cultivate the daily asteroid namesake article counts:

Python code for cultivation of daily data

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import pandas as pd
from datetime import date
from datetime import timedelta
#import numpy as np


#dataset containing 1200 names
df = pd.read_csv('names to search Fiverr A.csv')

#creating a list of all 1200 names
all_names = df['NAME'].values
#input_date = '2022-02-16'

input_date0 = date.today()-timedelta(days =1)#gives yesterday date
input_date = input_date0.isoformat()
#print(input_date)


#input_date = input('Enter the date in format yyyy-mm-dd example 2022-02-03:  ')

#Generating Urls from given list of names
def get_url(name):
    url_template = 'https://news.google.com/search?q={}'
    url = url_template.format(name)
    return url



#Scraping news title and date
def get_news(article,name):
    #title = article.h3.text
    title_date = article.div.div.time.get('datetime').split('T')[0]
#    print(title_date)
    if title_date == input_date:
        all_data = (title_date,name)
    return all_data


#Main function to run all code

main_list = []
def Main_task():
    for news_name in all_names:
        records = []
        count = 0
        url = get_url(news_name)
        response = requests.get(url)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,'html.parser')
        articles = soup.find_all('article','redacted')

        for article in articles:
            try:
                all_data = get_news(article,news_name)
                records.append(all_data)

            except:
                continue
        count = len(records)
#        print("---")
        main_list.append((news_name,count))

Main_task()
mynamedata = pd.DataFrame(main_list,columns= ['NAMES',input_date])
mynamedata.to_csv(input_date+'.csv')

Abstract

Embeddings, a way to measure similarities between texts, are a recent gift of machine learning. They were used here to quantify similarities in very short descriptions without dates of pairs in 7153 world events post-1600 AD as found in a provided database. There are 25,579,128 unique such possible pairs. The zodiacal placements of the charts were also calculated for either the actual date at midnight of the event or the same but using the start date for a multi-day event. Only Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, North Lunar Node, and South Lunar Node Tropical degree placements from zero to 360 degrees were computed. Adding up the Cosines of the differences between planetary placements for two events offers a neat and novel way of measuring similarities between these zodiacal placements for the two events. Thus, I have metrics for textual similarities and chart similarities. The imagery of these metrics plotted against each other suggests non-monotonic dependence. This study answers a precise question: what is the p-value for independence between the two metrics? The upper p-value for independence is less than 0.01 as computed by Hoeffding’s dependence measure. The conservative Monte Carlo approach to estimating the upper value of this p-value was necessary due to physical computation constraints. Thus, likelihood for the alternative to independence, namely dependence, between event textual similarities and event chart similarities is established. A separate Hoeffding's dependence measure for each celestial feature is calculated for the special case of event distances to the word "Battle". A Monte Carlo simulation shows that these separate Hoeffding's D measures are mostly extremely unlikely given the distributions of celestial degrees in the data. Wolfram language code and data are included.

Introduction

World events are often used in astrology studies. Accurate place, date, and time are typically known even when they are not precise, allowing for a bridge between astrological placements and interpretation of social, cultural, and personal significations.

Rarely however do these studies include enough events to achieve statistical significance for the interpretations drawn.

Instead, I posit a more general and more foundational hypothesis: across many millions of pairs of events, is the magnitude of difference in textual descriptions (which contain words loaded with social, cultural, and personal significance) related to magnitude of difference in astrological charts for the two events?

I will be exploring quantitative equivalencies for most of the concepts within this question and then use appropriate mathematics to answer it.

Materials and Methods

All of the calculations in this study were performed through the professional mathematics software, Mathematica, which offers many tools, one of which is a database of 7818 historical events.[1]

Included in the database is a one sentence text-description (eg "Apollo 8 Returns to Earth") and start date (eg Dec 27 1968). Source information and metadata is not available for this database beyond assurances that it is continually being updated.[2][3]

Unfortunately, this database is largely anglophone-centric, but alternatives are hard to come by as more general event databases are surprisingly hard to access.

The first step to cultivating the data was the choice to include only events that took place at and after the year 1600 AD. The reasoning is that there was a calendrical revolution with the introduction of the Gregorian system around year 1582 with delays in adoption in some cultures that took many years.

This restriction of date pares the 7818 events down to 7153 events.

A timeline plot of the events follows.

Next, I removed all numbers in the database event descriptions, because I do not want to connect similarity between eg “The Battle of 1812” and another event that may have the year 1812 in its description. (So, “The Battle of 1812” is reduced to “The Battle of”.) To not do this would allow de facto some correspondence of text description and chart placements which I want to avoid. Care was also taken to assure that there were no duplicates in the event database.

A word cloud of the most common words in the resultant event descriptions follows.

For pair construction, 7153 options are available for the first event and 7152 are available for the second event. Multiplying these and dividing by two to erase repetition yields 25,579,128 possible unique pairs. The following analysis is applied to each pair.

The questions for each pair are:
a. “How exactly similar are their textual descriptions?”,
b. “How exactly similar are their planetary placements?”, and
c. “Do these two similarities correspond to each other?”

For a. only since early 2000’s AD is there a way to more precisely measure this trait of qualitative texts. Embeddings were introduced in 2003 in a paper that states that they “associate with each word in the vocabulary a distributed word feature vector … The feature vector represents different aspects of the word: each word is associated with a point in a vector space. The number of features … is much smaller than the size of the vocabulary”.[4][5]

These embeddings embody a literal “geometry of meaning”.[6] To share an example from popular computer science literature, subtracting the embedding numbers for "man" from those for "king" and then adding those for "woman", one gets the numbers that closely align with "queen".[7] So, king - man + woman = queen.

The particular calculator for embeddings used for this study was developed by Google Research, Inc., was released in 2018, and is called Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT).[8] It results in a vector, a list, that is 768 numbers long for each event description. The similarity metric between two event descriptions is simply the dot product of their 768-number-long vectors.[9] Decapitalization did not affect the calculations.

Next is the assignment b. to compare the Tropical zodiac placements for the dates of each event pair and have a similarity measure. These geocentric ecliptic longitude placements are values between 0 degrees and 360 degrees and are also the degree placements used in Tropical astrology. For each event there are separate degrees for Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, North Lunar Node, and South Lunar Node, thus creating a 12-number-long vector for each.

Descriptive plots for the probability distribution function (PDF) of each celestial feature as a function of degrees follow.

There are obvious spikes for some of these features. Perhaps the dramatic increase in the high 200's for the Sun degrees is most surprising. (There may be  more public news events in the northern hemisphere's late autumn and early winter when the Sun would be yearly at these degrees. For example, events around the USA Thanksgiving and Christmas holidays may register more as news-worthy.)

Comparing the 12-digit vectors for these zodiacal placements could be done by dot product too, but that would miss some very important features of astrology charts. We consider charts to be similar or conjunct when their degree differences, ie the results of their degrees’ subtractions, are either close to zero or close to 360 degrees or -360 degrees. Nicely enough, there is a trigonometric function that behaves exactly this way: the cosine. The simple plot of it follows, wherein you can see that the blue line has maxima at 0 degrees, 360 degrees, and -360 degrees.

Moreover there are other qualities of the cosine curve that preserve information from astrology. Oppositions at +/- 180 degrees are at -1, and +/-90 degree squares hold a value of zero. These parallel astrological interpretation wherein squares suggest no similarity, and oppositions do show similarity but of an opposite polarity as conjunctions. Degrees in between the extrema have cosine values that are appropriately in between as well.

Thus for each of the two events in an event pair, the twelve placements of the second one was subtracted from those of the first one. Applying cosine to each of the twelve differences and then doing a simple summation gives a single-number result that is a straightforward but robust metric for the 12-planet chart similarities.

Next is c., the assignment of detecting dependence. Note that this is different than correlation.

For example, a quartic is a function of the order of x raised to the fourth power. The resulting graph shows for each x one f(x), but it is not so that each f(x) only corresponds to one x. Parabolas, hyperbolas, and certain trigonometric functions such as cosine depicted above behave similarly.

Thus, one can say for these that f(x) is indeed a function of x, but not in a monotonic fashion. The idea of monotonic dependence is also known as correlation, but for these special non-monotonic functions, we need to consider tests for dependence and not correlation.

In short:

For dependency: determine that a variable has a value that depends on the value of another variable.

For correlation: the relationship between variables is linear and is considered as correlation. That is, as one similarity increases the other uniformly increases or decreases too.

This paper’s study answers a question not about correlation but about the more sophisticated situation of dependence.

To do the answering, I wanted a tool that can compute not just linear dependence (ie correlation) but also non-linear dependence.[10] Hoeffding’s D (for dependence) measure was selected.

Each Hoeffding D measure test was found to take about 16 seconds to compute for 100,000 event pairs, 22 minutes for 1,000,000 event pairs, and an unknown amount for the full event pairs that number over 25 million. The latter is unknown because the computation was aborted after six days. (The computer that was used is running Linux on an AMD 3950x CPU with 64 GB DDR4 RAM.)

Thus, a Monte Carlo approach was needed in order to estimate the upper-bound “p-hat” of the actual full p-value for independence. The approach consists of breaking up the problem into computing the p-value 100 different times for randomized sets that number 1 million pairs each.

The equation for this conservative upper bound is simply (r + 1)/(n + 1), where r is the number of runs that yield a test-statistic above that which is desired (here corresponding to a p-value of 0.05) and n is the number of different times the randomization is run (here equal to 100).[11]

All that is needed is r.

Results

The computations of n = 100 randomized runs resulted in an r value of 0.

Therefore, the p-value upper bound, also known as p-hat, is: (0 + 1)/(100 + 1) or 0.0099 < 0.01**.

In fact, for every one of the 100 runs of 1 million randomly selected pairs, the computed p-value was smaller than the smallest number the software can handle, 6^-1355718576299610, and for each of those 100 runs, a plot of event pair description similarities as a function of chart similarities was made.

The following is a movie of the 100 plots in sequence. Note the boundaries at x = +12, x = -12, y = 0, and y = around 250. These correspond to extremely similar charts, extremely dissimilar charts, dissimilar text descriptions, and similar text descriptions respectively.

To make it somewhat simpler to see the relationship, here is an example picture with just 1000 random pairs to show a general shape.

A likely dependent relationship between similarities in historical event text descriptions and similarities in historical event chart placements is thus established.

Example Case of Looking at a Specific Word, "Battle"

Calculating Hoeffding's dependence between each individual celestial feature and the 7153 distances to any given keyword is computationally tractable, even while computing across all keywords is not.

The following is a demonstration using the most frequent keyword in the event descriptions, "Battle".

To see how likely the resulting dependence measures are, a second, more specific Monte Carlo simulation of 10000 sets with 7153 randomized charts in each set was used to calculate p-values. The randomizations were faithful to the PDF of each celestial feature.

Celestial Feature                         Hoeffding's D                           Monte Carlo P-value
Sun                                                     0.015                                                << 0.00001          
Moon                                                  0.62                                                 << 0.00001 
Mercury                                             0.006                                               << 0.00001
Venus                                                 0.013                                                << 0.00001
Mars                                                   0.042                                               << 0.00001
Jupiter                                               0.15                                                  << 0.00001
Saturn                                                0.068                                              << 0.00001 
Neptune                                            0.47                                                << 0.00001
Uranus                                               0.01                                                  << 0.00001
Pluto                                                   0.13                                                  << 0.00001
North Lunar Node                          0.00                                                 0.47
South Lunar Node                          0.00                                                 0.26

Conclusions

In this paper, similarities in historical event descriptions are shown to be most likely a function of chart similarities with an estimated p-value upper limit for independence that is under 0.01.

A relationship between astrological chart similarities and event description similarities seems to exist. This relationship could well be employed to allow for event prediction based on a future day's projected geocentric astronomical placements.

Correspondence and not correlation was the focus as it appears in list plots that the state of textual similarities vary as a function of chart similarity.

There are some interesting connections to make from the plots of the two similarities. First, there is some imperfect symmetry across the y-axis, saying that very large positive-number chart similarities (indicating all close conjunctions) can behave somewhat like very large negative-number similarities.

The latter would occur when the twelve degree differences are all close to 180 degrees, ie when there are strong oppositions. That too is considered a strength between two charts, so this may be some empirical support for that belief in astrology.

In the example of pinning event description distance to the keyword "battle", the dependence measures of the nodes are not statistically significant, but everything else is. Moon and Neptune exhibit greatest dependence measures for "battle" which is astrologically surprising.

Some readers may be concerned that Neptune's dependence measure is high in that example, because it moves so slowly and hence may be associated with an era in time, ie an era with more battles.

That is where the second Monte Carlo significance comes in very handy. It tells us that, given the probability distribution for Neptune, the natural occurrence of such a high dependency measure is extremely unlikely.

As well, note that Uranus and Pluto do not show high dependence measures in this case, even though they move as slow or even slower than Neptune.

Moreover, the pre-eminence of the very quick-moving Moon and its uniform PDF negate the concern altogether.

Code is available, including for the generation of data.[12]

Works in Progress
To continue this study, work on the following has commenced.

1. Humanistic principal component analysis on the language of the astrological literature for each celestial feature ("Sun", "Moon", "Neptune", etc.) compared to to the most common words ("battle", "union", "premieres", "president", etc.) to see if it is related to the celestial feature Hoeffding measures of dependence.
2. Daily journal to track synchronicity between actual public events and those suggested by the events database for being similar to the chart of a day. (Early tests have shown not much success here. The event descriptions in the original database may not be rich enough to saturate all possible new events. I am working on some automated, quantitative approaches to demonstrate prediction confidence.)

References

1: Wolfram Research, EventData, 2012, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/EventData.html

2: Wolfram Research, Wolfram Knowledgebase, 2022, https://www.wolfram.com/knowledgebase/

3: Wolfram Research, Frequently Asked Questions, 2022, https://www.wolframalpha.com/faqs/

4: Bengio Y., Ducharme R., Vincent P.,  and Jauvin C., A Neural Probabilistic Language Model, 2003, Journal of Machine Learning Research, 1137–1155,
https://www.jmlr.org/papers/volume3/bengio03a/bengio03a.pdf

5: Aylien.com, An overview of word embeddings and their connection to distributional semantic models, 2022, https://aylien.com/blog/overview-word-embeddings-history-word2vec-cbow-glove

6: Gärdenfors P., The Geometry of Meaning, 2017, MIT Press, https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/geometry-meaning

7: MIT Technology Review, King - Man + Woman = Queen: The Marvelous Mathematics of Computational Linguistics, 2015, https://www.technologyreview.com/2015/09/17/166211/king-man-woman-queen-the-marvelous-mathematics-of-computational-linguistics/

8: Wolfram Research, BERT Trained on BookCorpus and Wikipedia Data, 2022,
https://resources.wolframcloud.com/NeuralNetRepository/resources/BERT-Trained-on-BookCorpus-and-Wikipedia-Data/

9: Google Research Inc., Measuring Similarity from Embeddings, 2022,
https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/clustering/similarity/measuring-similarity

10: de Siqueira Santos S., Takahashi D., Nakata A., and Fujita A., A comparative study of statistical methods used to identify dependencies between gene expression signals, 2013, Briefings in Bioinformatics, 1-13, https://www.princeton.edu/~dtakahas/publications/Brief%20Bioinform-2013-de%20Siqueira%20Santos

11: North, B. V., Curtis, D., and Sham, P.C., A Note on the Calculation of Empirical P Values from Monte Carlo Procedures, 2002, American Journal of Human Genetics, 439 - 441, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC379178/

12: Oshop R., Is Textual Similarity of Events Related to Event Chart Similarity?, 2022, www.wolframcloud.com/obj/renay.oshop/Published/Events%20comparisons%20published.nb

A basic video run-through of the above material follows.

The following is from a presentation I gave to the Colorado Ayurvedic Medical Association a couple of years ago.

Perhaps you find yourself self-pressured to know the particular nakshatra of a planetary placement, given only the degree and sign. I know I do.

Here is an easy way to remember the changes. It all has to do with the inherent trinal nature of the four elements in the chart. Since nakshatra lords also have a trinal quality, we can borrow the structure of the elements in signs to extrapolate to nakshatras.

Fire signs (Aries, Leo, Sagittarius) start off the zodiac and represent a complete set of nine nakshatras, one for each of the nine graha.

As they are the start, the degree at which the nakshatra sequence begins is zero.

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn) come next and you just have to memorize that their starting point is at 10 degrees.

Air (Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius) come next and represent a step down by one pada (a quarter of a nakshatra) to 6 degrees  and 40 minutes.

Water (Cancer, Scorpio, and Pisces) come next and represent one pada down, so 3 degrees and 20 minutes.

If you want to consider it again, water to fire represents one pada down, and so we are back at the start of the cycle, to zero degrees. You can even extend the theory one more back to the earth element as being -3 degrees and 20 minutes which is another way of remembering it is equivalent to 10 degrees (since each nakshatra is 13 degrees and 20 minutes).

It is important to note that each element has a different degree at which a new nakshatra starts, that this is repeated 3 times, and that they step down by 3 degrees and 20 minutes with each one. 

Ultimately this mnemonic references the repetition of 27 as the number of nakshatras and 108 as representing this magic number of nakshatras happening four times. The four elements represent this repetition of four.

As a further help, each pada of a nakshatra also maps onto a whole sign in the navamsha. Thus the nakshatra cycle of 27, each of which has 4 padas, walks us through the navamsha 9 times. Surely, this has meta-meaning given the beautiful quality and unique mathematics of 3 (the number of Jupiter) repeated in 9, 12, 27, and 108.

Feel free to ask any clarifying questions.

Abstract

Contemporary astrologers are challenged like never before to make their work scientific. This is especially true for astrology researchers who are stewards of the keystone for legitimacy in astrology. Fortunately, current strides in artificial intelligence allow new avenues to data cultivation for the public and private astrology researcher. The author presents her freely available solution to the challenge, using in her explanation basic, intermediate, and advanced concepts.

The Challenge
​
Astrologers the world over from all times, whether Eastern, Western, Persian, Chinese, or Tibetan, face the same challenge. Event data of time, place, and date, including that of births, are mandatory for us to do our work.

Acquiring that data is more difficult than at first blush it may appear. For example, if one is interested in sports astrology and one wants to know the start of a basketball or cricket match from five years ago, how does one actually find that?

Perhaps there is an online news article from that time, but there are likely to be hidden problems. What I have found is that there is a wide variety among news publications as to how they treat such events. For example, BBC will include the time of the match in subsequent or preceding write-ups, while The New York Times will not.

Another part of the challenge is the language used in an article. For example, the article may say something like “the match happened last Sunday”. The New York Times often uses such an approach, begging the questions of which Sunday is that and what is its date. It may be obvious to the contemporaneous online reader but not to one years thereafter.

Then, there is a question of whether those articles are even archived and hence publicly accessible for some time later. Often, only the articles subsequent to an event are kept posted online and then only for a few years.

Finally, there is the strong possibility of an astrologer not knowing that the event exists in the first place. For example, let’s switch our focus to cyclone event data. There was a cyclone in the Spring of 2019 named Cyclone Ida.

There are hundreds of cyclones per year. (National Hurricane Center, 2019) Twenty years from now, will an astrologer who is interested in cyclones know to do an online search of contemporaneous literature for that particular cyclone? Will there still be material online for that cyclone?

Doing astrological research is difficult. For the cyclone researcher, he or she may need to pore over tens of thousands of webpages just to get that kernel of truth of when, where, and what time a batch of cyclone events occurred.

Reading that many documents takes time. Even if a list of ten thousand website URLs were presented instantly to the researcher, spending three minutes to scan each article would necessitate a solid 21 hours straight of such focused activity. That is not counting the search itself for the URLs or the recording of the results.

Given these daunting facts, there is no wonder as to why astrological research is relatively rare and often scanty or incompletely done. Science, by contrast, demands first and foremost the relative accuracy and completeness of data. This core difference between astrological research and conventional science represents the deepest chasm between the two world perspectives.

Bridging this chasm of data completeness would do the most to unify the work of all astrologers everywhere within the paradigm of science that could be said to define our current societies.

The Solution

A data challenge needs a data solution.

The Information Age in which we live deluges us with data. Fortunately, in these times, we are being presented with newly hatched tools to automate the search for and the processing and retaining of data in bulk. The newest and best methods use artificial intelligence (AI).

At this time, these AI tools are being used throughout every industry except astrology. These tools presently are also not for the mathematically faint of heart, so there is still a pretty steep learning curve for implementing them. Commercial industries find that the effort directed to the computational and mathematical gymnastics is more than worth it. The results are phenomenal, world-changing, and transforming to the industries even as the computer science in use is still relatively in its infancy.

What is needed is a means of using these tools to help the future astrology researcher who is within that exponentiating global data deluge to find and record the relevant data that was previously preserved as it happened.

Just as astrologers use books for transmission of knowledge, email for communicating with clients and each other, and software for chart generation, it is time for astrology to join the rest of professional society by investigating and employing the latest machine learning methods to generate artificial intelligence within astrology.

Event data generation is the first order of business for the personal or public research astrologer. Using artificial intelligence on global public information to cultivate event data should be the first order of business for a current computer scientist who wishes to help astrology.

Basic Ideas

There are a few steps to a computer-automated processing of current event data to help a future astrologer.

A computer program would be needed to 1. monitor daily current events as they are published in online articles. The computer program would then need to 2. linguistically digest the complex language of online news to find A. the nature of the event (for example, a new cyclone) and B. the date, time, and place of the event. After digestion, the computer program, at a minimum, would need to 3. preserve A. and B. for future use.

The basic triplicate of requirements of monitoring, digestion, and preservation of astrologically relevant data in a timely manner is in truth a cascade of separate algorithms, or sub-programs, each of which has only been developed recently, sometimes as recently as just a few months ago.

Monitoring can be done through a process called web scraping, wherein the texts of new articles are programmatically gleaned. However, of the millions of new articles that get published per day, which have data relevant to events of interest to the future astrologer? There is a computational cost to aggregating such monitored data. Even if the program takes but one second per article to seek out, acquire, and analyze for relevancy the text of the article, only 86400 such articles could be processed per day for this step alone. Thus, for current network, hardware, and software constraints, a necessary restriction in the numbers of internet sources and research topics is required.

Digestion is the most technically challenging part of the three-step process. The computer program would need to do nothing less than understand language itself. Take this sentence as an example: “Last Sunday night, three hours after kickoff, the Chicago Bears won the Super Bowl championship against the Denver Broncos.” The program would need to know that A. the article is about a match in American football and B. what was last Sunday’s date. The location and time of kickoff would, one hopes, similarly be determinable through other sentences of the article.

Digestion makes heavy use of something called natural language processing, a field of artificial intelligence that is still rapidly improving. The following two sections explore this step in some detail.

Finally, preservation of the data in a central, publicly accessible repository is the last, necessary step to the program. This is the easiest step of the three and typically just requires publishing the data file online.

Intermediate Ideas
​
Natural language processing (NLP) across different languages and across different subjects is a wide computer science field with many compartments. The main ones of relevance here are automatic summarization, natural language understanding, and question answering.

Automatic summarization is needed to determine whether an astrology research topic is indeed the topic of the article. Typically, this is done by condensing the article into a small summary and seeing if the topic is present therein. How does one determine the summary of an article? The non-trivial prospect of text extraction and synthesis based on statistical significance metrics and pattern-matching is a relatively straightforward type of summarization. These days, abstraction of language content is also often required as well. Machine learning based on linguistic feature extraction is at the core of this memory- and computation-heavy abstraction process. As a sub-field of NLP, automatic summarization benefits as being one of the longest studied topics of it. (Hahn & Mani, 2000)

Natural language understanding is the study of how to improve comprehension of text by a computer. It is a necessary middle step to answering questions from the text. The reader may be familiar with interfaces for language understanding from Siri, Bixby, or Alexa apps on their cell phones. Such commonness belies the extraordinary technical achievement that they represent. For example, one may say “The man started on a new novel,” and “The man started on a sandwich”. The formal structure is identical even though the meanings are wildly different.

Finally, question answering is critical to the astrologer’s needs. Even with the well-understood text of an article whose topic was deemed relevant, asking questions of the article is also non-trivial. Fortunately for astrologers, there are only three main questions. On what day did the event occur? At what time of day did the event occur? In what town did the event occur? However, the news article may be ambiguous on these matters or it may not include these details at all. For example, for a cyclone, what counts as the birth event? The initial early formation far off at sea? Landfall? Landfall only reaching a major population center? Such delicate domain-specific answering to a question is only lately, in the past few years or so, reaching maturity.

Advanced Ideas
​
The implementations of automatic summarization, natural language understanding, and question answering that are useful to know about for my project involve neural nets.

​Neural nets, a.k.a. artificial neural networks (ANN), are a way for the computer to solve problems of NLP that is lightly based on how biological animal brains work. Their loose depiction is as follows.

The seven chakras have an especially important role in yoga, Ayurveda, and Jyotish.

​They are energy centers on which we can depend for the integration of the physical, psychical, and astral bodies.

Here is a purported connection of the seven chakras to neve plexi

​In Vedic numerology what we are really talking about are the symbols of number with their equivalencies in graha (the Sun, Moon, nodes of the Moon, and planets) and symbols of space as relevant segments of the zodiacal belt.

Just as there is a language to numbers, namely mathematics, there is a corresponding language of space-time through the moving graha, namely Jyotish.
​
The Vedic assignations of number and graha are as follows:
1 is the Sun & the sign of Aries,
2 is the Moon & the sign of Taurus,
3 is Jupiter & the sign of Gemini,
4 is Rahu & the sign of Cancer,
5 is Mercury & the sign of Leo,
6 is Venus & the sign of Virgo,
7 is Ketu & the sign of Libra,
8 is Saturn & the sign of Scorpio,
9 is Mars & the sign of Sagittarius.
The reasonings for the associations that I have come up with are below.
​
1 is the Sun & the sign of Aries

​This association is an easy at-bat. The Sun is exalted in Aries. This makes sense as the Sun is the king (among other significations, but this article will try to keep things simple), and Aries is the battlefield (same). The king’s highest moment is on the battlefield. Besides exaltation, it also makes sense to look at the lordship of the Sun. That is Leo, here in the fifth house.

For the Sun’s own sign to be in the fifth house is especially proper as that house indicates the beating heart, the liver, and other physical indications of the Sun.
So, the nomenclature for this article is to name the exaltation house and lordship house(s) in the following way: E1:L5. The utility of this will hopefully be clearer as time goes on, and a summation will be in the final paragraph.

2 is the Moon & the sign of Taurus

[This essay won the grand prize for our 2020 holiday essay contest.]

I visited Renay last fall, while my husband was away working in a refugee camp in Kenya, and we were nearing a big transition.  After several years of living in Boulder – a lovely bubble – filled with adventures, graduate degrees, stability, and friends, we both felt the urge to live abroad again, to be less comfortable, to make a big ripple and avoid getting complacent.  When I met Renay, we were planning to leave the US in January of 2020.  The idea was to spend most of our time in India, with no distinct plans for where exactly we would be, what we were going to do, or how long we would stay away.  The questions I asked Renay during my Jyotish session were related to the broad arc of this lifetime:  What is my role in all this?  Being highly trained in both science and yoga, what is the proper balance?  How can I be most helpful to the world? 
 
In late January, we packed up, rented out our condo, drove from Colorado to North Carolina to leave a car at my parents’ house, and flew to Rishikesh.  We arrived at a large ashram on the banks of the Ganges, a place we had visited four years earlier – a place where we could land and do helpful volunteer work for a while as sevaks.  We ended up staying at the ashram for five months, three of those in tight lockdown, not allowed outside the gates to walk in the forest or even take the few steps to the river (except for a brief window in the early morning allowed for Ganga snaan – bathing at the ghat).  It was a beautiful prison, with gardens full of hibiscus bushes, roses, and ancient bodhi trees.  During this time of being locked in the ashram, I didn’t wear shoes for three full months – not even flip-flops. 
 
Over the course of my conversation with Renay, I learned that I had been under the “gaze of Saturn” for the past ~19 years, and that this cycle would lift around May 2020.  Near the end of our discussion, I asked an aside question about how children may or may not fit into this lifetime (my husband and I had always been undecided about whether that was the right path or not, given the environmental, social, karmic, and other considerations involved in such a choice).  After consulting the charts and noting some interesting related observations, Renay told me that if we decided to pursue that route, May 2020 would be a conducive time for conception.  Otherwise, January 2021 would be the next optimal window, and then not for a few years.   
 
At some point this spring, as the COVID-19 pandemic spread and we were locked in the ashram in Rishikesh, it became clear that becoming a mother may indeed be the right path.  After thinking about the logistics, consulting a doctor staying at the ashram, as well as one of the spiritual leaders, we decided to do an experiment – in May 2020.  Perhaps unsurprisingly, it was successful, and I confirmed I was pregnant soon after we left the ashram in June to move to a village higher up in the Himalayas near Uttarkashi, along the main upper tributary of the Ganges river called Bhagirathi that tumbles down from Gangotri glacier.  Fittingly, the name of the village was Matli – which means “nausea” in Hindi or Sanskrit (highly appropriate for early pregnancy).  Of course, unbeknownst to us when we arrived, there happened to be a couple of American doctors (one a midwife) from Aspen, Colorado living in the village, and running a mission clinic and women’s health center.  Things always seem to work out this way and fall into place. 
 
Were we out of our minds?  Being pregnant, in a small Himalayan village, in the midst of a global pandemic, with no distinct plans for the future, could make it seem so from a certain perspective.  But somehow it was perfect. 
 
After about three months in Matli, including more lockdowns, the Indian monsoon, a few highaltitude Himalayan treks, and many delightful motorbike rides through the terraced green idyllic surroundings crumbling with landslides, we descended from the mountains and made our way to Kenya at the end of September.  We spent the following two months living at the edge of Lake Naivasha, a magical place with giraffes and zebras, and hippos who come out of the lake at night, and now in December we are back in the US, residing with my parents for a few weeks on the coast of North Carolina before driving out to Colorado around the end of this year.  I started a new job as a postdoc at Dartmouth College this fall, working remotely for now as the pandemic rages, but we will move to New Hampshire in the summer.  After several months of not being formally involved in science work, this feels like the right balance again. 
 
The baby is due in late February, and she is moving quite a lot these days in her personal womb universe of my body.  She has already been immersed in some extraordinarily beautiful places, from being conceived in Rishikesh, to high Himalayan glaciers, to the Maasai Mara in Kenya.  After learning I was pregnant, a friend asked out of curiosity if we had been trying for a while.  I told her it happened immediately in the first month of the experiment – but to be fair, that we had the advantage of a Jyotish astrologer advising me that May could be a good time.  I say it laughingly to friends, but it obviously was accurate.  Of course, I ask myself the questions: What would have happened if we had waited?  And perhaps more importantly, how would this have played out if I hadn’t met with Renay at all?  The net is beautifully complex and full of wonder. 
 
This year, 2020, has been interesting and challenging in different ways for everyone, everywhere around the planet.  It seems fitting that Jupiter and Saturn are the closest together in our sky that they have been for the past 400 years (since Galileo’s time).  After recently emerging from my time with Saturn, I suppose I feel a special friendliness toward what that planet represents, almost as if being in on some sort of cosmic joke.   
 
Onward we go, with curiosity, steadiness, and a smile, as we tumble along the arrow of time as we perceive it.  We’ll see how this goes, spinning threads and tracing arcs. 

​​[This essay won the first place prize for our 2020 holiday essay contest.]

My study of Jyotisha was my anchor this past year helping me weather the crazy climate surrounding us all.  I discovered this science while exploring Ayurvedic practices.    I had a marma massage with an ayurvedic practitioner and as a part of her protocol she explained other ayurvedic offerings.   She  explained their purpose, how they worked and the advantages to overall health.    Those few moments of personalized care were the foundation of a new interest.   At the time I was studying herbal medicine and much of what she shared was reflected in what I was learning about herbs.   She detailed the dosha Ayurvedic theory and encouraged me to research their properties on my own.   That exploration led to more questions and, eventually to a vedic consultation with Renay.
     
That first teleconference with Renay was surreal, in an enlightening way.   She read my chart as if she had known me a lifetime.  Listening to her, I felt as though she knew me better than I knew myself.    I was intrigued and deeply curious.  I have spent a great deal of my life not fully understanding my purpose and have questioned how and why I choose to live as I do.   I often wondered why I wasn’t like my siblings and my personality was so different from those closest to me.   Renay touched on just a few of these things and I felt a stirring.    I sensed she had answers and I wanted more.   I knew I had stumbled upon something important for me.   I jumped at the chance to continue the discussion and asked for guidance.  Renay provided information on how to get started.       

When I begin to read Light on Life by Hart de Fouw and Robert Svoboda, I felt as though I wandered into a secret world.    The words I was reading felt like they were written for me.   The information in the chapters made sense and suddenly I was looking at my world with a new sense of wonder.     The planets became real to me.  I befriended them.   It felt a little crazy when I began conversing with the universe. 

Maybe a bit awkward, but not uncomfortable.   This reaction was  similar to the  experience I had when I began the study of herbalism.   As I learned about new herbs, and their properties,  I sought out places that they grew.   It became a part of my daily routine and it continues today.   Once discovered, I would sit with the plants, observe them and, yes, the conversations started.    Now I had the planets to befriend as well.    The pattern of my day was altered.    Life became much quieter for me as I relished time spent just listening to my surroundings.   The plants, and the planets, both became an important priority.   Although I enjoy being social, this study of Jyotish also spoke to another side of my personality.   I have always needed quiet time.  I think coming from a large family, with very few boundaries, I seek solitude.   It was hard to carve out time just for me.   This science spoke to that need in me and I began to crave the peaceful feeling I felt while reading and absorbing new ideas.      

I was thankful that I discovered this study of all things Jyotish when the pandemic hit.   With some experience under my belt, the time was right  to fully embrace the subject matter.   It was balancing as  crazy activities swirled throughout the world.  Each day brought clouds of confusion and conflict.   It was hard to listen to any media and discussions of appropriate behavior and basic human rights became a daily challenge in conversation.  The Jyothisha study of remedies was one of the first practices that came easily to me and I depended on many remedies in the past year.   The book, Yoga of the Planets by Andrew Foss, PhD sits at my bedside.     Meditation had been a part of my routine for some time and I looked forward to more time on the cushion in the past year.  That practice, along with mantra, kept my life flowing peacefully. 

I was raised a Catholic but have not been a practicing Catholic for a long time.    I missed the ritual, the ceremony and the mystery that unfolds in religious practice.  Jyotisha fills that space for me and offers an opportunity for my spiritualism to once again grow.    Moments of being still,  embracing silence,  and studying seemed to  provide the avenue I needed to keep my mind in a sense of harmony.   It struck me that I had been missing that spiritual connection, that daily practice.    Jyotisha has taught me that each day of the week is a gift and each day carries with it very significant feelings.   The days are even color coded providing yet another dimension to their significance.   I worked at greeting each morning with enthusiasm and energy and hoped it would carry me through the day.  As the days passed, that simple practice often washed away the dreariness of being locked down.  I cannot believe how I had taken something like the days of the week so for granted.  I had never considered honoring them.  It was a delight to feel in sync with their energies.   It has become almost second nature now.    Developing a relationship with Saturn was a priority as I am in my Saturn dasha.   It took some time, but I now feel very comfortable with his presence in my life.   Considered a fearful planet,  I learned to embrace his helpful qualities.   I never leave dishes in the sink because of him!   Rahu and Ketu are another fascination and I have yet to fully understand their abilities and their energies.   When turmoil snaked through my daily activities, giving me pause, I wondered if they were at play.     

Despite the upheaval swirling about,  I knew I was one of the lucky ones.    My home sits on 40 acres and is in a remote area.  My grown children are watching over my grandkids.    Just into retirement,  I am thriving.   This pandemic allowed me even more time to indulge my interests.       Of greater consequence was my anger toward politics, and our political leaders.   I used Jyothisha to soothe my psyche and settle my heart.   Political antics, as played out in the media,  rattled me to my core.  Was this Mars at work?   Ever searching, my astrology app is consulted early in my day.    I look with anticipation of planetary movement.   I watched for signs, often not really knowing what I was looking for but hopeful for some insight.  Was all this chaos predestined?    The teachings of Jyotisha seemed to indicate that but I  was not totally convinced.  Believing everything happens as it should,  I still have questions.   I read  Vedas.  Of the science I was able to understand, it seemed definite.    My part in all of this was to embrace the not knowing and allow the answers to reveal themselves.    With hard work, it is just a matter of time.   Afterall, I have a strong Jupiter in my first house.    

Somedays I am totally confident and feel like I truly understand what is happening in the skies and how planetary activity is affecting me.   But other days, I am as confused as I was during my first consult with Renay.   As they say, the more you learn, the less you know.   I question my abilities to really grasp this complicated subject, but my intention is genuine, and I carry on.   Frankly, I doubt I will ever be able to offer anyone else a reading.   This study for me is very personal.   So much of what I have learned really speaks to me, who I am and what my purpose is.   I am planning on a lifelong study with no final exam. 

It was that very thought that was running through my mind when I was considering not finishing this essay.   As I wondered about the house, distracted and unsure of what I had been writing, I noticed my dining room table, and the blanket of quilt fabrics covering its surface.   My sewing machine sits knowing that at any moment I may plop down and put together a quilt square.   It has been many months since the top of this beautiful dining room table has seen the light of day.  Instead, I leave all my sewing tools visible in case the mood strikes me to quilt.   My husband is quite agreeable to this strange process, noting it fits my needs and seems to make me happy.   Often, I work for only a few minutes and move  onto other projects.  And then some days I can spend hours sewing and piecing fabric.    

In this passing moment I was struck that I was just afforded another lesson.   I just had to be still to see it unfold.   A quilt starts with just one piece of thread,  just as we are born in one single moment.  And we grow from there.  Life takes flight.  Each of us, individually created, come in diverse colors and patterns just as each of us are born under different planets.  Piece by piece,  the pattern is revealed.   

Understanding how you fit can take a lifetime or it may come together without much effort.    Alterations and remedies are available.   My goal in quilting is to stay mindful of the process and enjoy each piece I work with.   The more patient I am, the better the project comes together.   The result is only a small part of the process.  The journey to that place is what really matters.   Allowing your senses to enjoy the activity, to embrace the creativity is really the best part.     

​For me this is  what this past year has been about.  Just like an heirloom quilt,  Jyotish was draped across my lap, comforting me, warming my heart and making me feel a bit more secure.  Because of this study,  I  now strive to allow each day to unfold as it will, knowing that there is plan.   Moment to moment life changes, as do the skies.   Jyotish has taught me to stay mindful, be aware and open to what is happening.   I do not have to understand every detail.  If I stand as a witness and remain open to the experience all will be as it is supposed to be.     This belief has strengthened my health, my heart and my mind.   I have stopped worrying about what if’s and why’s.   I hold today with respect, honor the past and prepare to the best of my ability, for the future.   

​[This essay won the first place prize for our 2020 holiday essay contest.]

“What even is time?” a friend asks me over the phone. This question has
become like a catch phrase for us. At the end of 2020, a year unlike any we’ve
experienced before, we barely know what day it is from one moment to the next.
While we’ve seen many structures we may have taken for granted—our hospital
systems, public trust in science, leadership, the economy, the postal service, social
safety nets, physical and mental health, basic collective agreements about reality--
buckling under the stress test of this year, there have been some “givens” breaking
down that reveal treasures in the rubble. Perhaps our relationships to time are in
this latter category.

2020 has only deepened my questions about time and how it works in and
through my life, and in this way it has deepened my relationship with Jyotisha. In a
year that both heightened the pitch of change and uncertainty in the world while
also introducing new levels of monotony to my days, I’ve leaned on the intricate
assurances of this field of knowledge. The practice of Jyotisha not only prepared me for this strange season, but it has also helped me cope and make sense of it from within.

It’s been many years since my life had any illusion of “stability.” By the time I
reached my mid twenties, I’d watched in horror as my major plans crumbled around me...several times. I looked back and realized I had seen every demise coming but had thought I could fight it. In a wicked quarter life crisis, exhausted and bereft of dreams, I wondered if I had been weak or just stupid.
I had the distinct sense that some larger force was moving me around with
all the other little pieces, and I became obsessed with trying to understand the
mechanics of fate. With no grounding or support in this endeavor, though, I felt like
someone flailing about in unknown waters.

I followed a nudge into a yoga teacher training and attempted to chart an
extra curricular course of study for myself that might reconnect me to a sense of
trust and intuition. Deep down, though, I just wanted someone or something to tell
me what I was supposed to do with my life. I kept trying to put myself in places
where I thought a bolt of “aha!” lightning might strike me with the epiphany of my
true purpose and authentic self. Then I could be an adult. Then I would know what
to do next.

One day, a woman in my yoga teacher training announced she was pregnant.
This was a surprise to her, but, she said, it shouldn’t have been; her Vedic astrologer
had told her a year ago it would happen when it did. Other classmates reported
similar revelations from their consultations, and I wondered if Jyotisha might be my “aha!” lightning rod.

It was, but of course not in the way I expected. As I entered the dance with this ancient way of knowing, my understanding of time, rhythm, and movement would slowly stretch in all directions. The “aha!” I previously looked for as a sudden  exclamation would turn out to be a longer, sustained song—a note sighed from a full breath, spiraling around to overlap and harmonize with itself, then breathing in and out again for more.

Five years later, I still refer back to that first astrology consultation and find
support in the framework it offered me. The laws of cause and effect are vast—some too large or too small to be noticed by the naked eye of the moment—but here I was  offered a musical score of how those energies had been set into motion around my individual experience. With this notation (and a skilled interpreter), I could learn to dance with the music of my life instead of against it. And as this helped me to relax my anxious planning mind, I could also learn to better listen to the symphony of the present.

These calculations brought the subtle poetry of my life into relief so that it
could be read, uttered, and understood—whether it is deeply felt inner friction from childhood, twinges of sadness in the themes of my art, or rumbling premonitions of what would come. While sometimes surprising, more often than not, my yearly astrology readings would validate my own intuition about what was ahead (or behind), helping me to develop my own knowing. I began to incorporate this wisdom into everyday life; especially as a way to remember that just because I’m experiencing something now doesn’t mean it will always be this way. In the meantime, I can weave these personal timelines together with complementary practices of asana, mantra, and Ayurvedic diet.

At first I thought I would be engaging in all this alone. I made that first phone
call in secret because I didn’t think I wanted my friends or partner to know I was
investing in something so many people underestimate and dismiss. The revelations
of Jyotisha were too profound to keep to myself, though. My partner was open
minded, but he was truly converted when, after a rocky year and a half of jokingly
hoping the astrology was right in predicting our luck would change on a certain
date, it did. Dramatically. He now gets regular readings as well, as do many of my friends. I often give them as gifts so we can remind each other and reflect back what may be happening as time unfurls around us. So my best friend could help me recognize when the “fruits” of my labor “didn’t taste good” at the job I needed to leave at the end of 2019. So my husband could remind me that even when all my work got cancelled in March of 2020, I was slated to have good professional work again in a few months. I couldn’t see how, but engaging with Jyotisha has taught me that I’m not responsible for making everything happen. I turned my worries over to the Divine in meditation one day, and the next day I received an email with news of a huge contract—right on time. In similar fashion, we were able to feel prepared for the pandemic to last as long as it has; we knew we were in for election confusion in November; and we had a sense of how we needed to manage our resources—energetic and material—through it all.

Meanwhile, we’ve used the increasing dreamlike quality of the days and nights to explore the archetypes available to us as mentioned in our readings. What career lies in the “basement of the castle” that my husband may have metaphorically visited when he was 24? What mountaintop is mine to stand on, and what of the stars seen there can I bring back to share with others? And, more domestically, but no less importantly, can I feel and soothe my inner samurai when my husband is feeling blue and I want so badly to swoop in and fix it?

My modest foundation in Jyotisha has helped me understand more about the learning process of this life, which helps me make sense of upheavals like the ones we’ve experienced in this challenging year. Whatever this is, it will pass, so I’d better relax into it and attend to the lessons alive in the now. Time is a magnificent
teacher—too complex and colorful for the linear rows of tick-marked boxes our society tries to squeeze it into. It runs deeper than our attempts at control. Our lives
might be enriched by allowing those boxes to get broken down—to let the long, slow “aha!” seep through the moments elegantly strung together for us to experience in our souls’ becoming.